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Glossary

Alpha - a compositing channel or setting which allows an object's colors to be blended with the colors of objects behind the affected one, in effect creating object transparency.

Anchor - a base point used to align objects

ANI - Commonly used for animated cursors, especially on windows

Arbitrary Path -  a path which consists of nodes which a user may adjust independently from each other.  These nodes are not constrained to a particular shape like in an SVG primitive . This makes such things as automatically rounded corners or simultaneous and equivalent manipulation of opposing polygon points impossible. 

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange - a 128 character English alphabet based encoding scheme which is the origin of most common character encoding schemes.

Bitmap - a digital image consisting of an array of different colored pixels; if the bitmap has a high pixel count and sufficient quality, it is considered high-resolution and is suitable to be used for printing and high-resolution on-screen viewing.  While bitmaps are quite useful for photographs and other uses, they are limited by their resolution to allow only a certain degree of magnification (zoom) without losing quality.  Some common examples are JPG, TIFF, PNG, BMP.

BMP - Simple Raster Image format. BMP files are uncompressed so they produce large files compared to other Raster formats such as PNG and JPG.

Bounding box - a conceptual box within which all elements of an object or set of objects lie.  In Inkscape there is a distinction between the geometric and visual bounding box of an object, the former being derived from the actual points of an object's shape, the latter being derived from the entire area which would be affected by visual styles or filters applied to that shape which would expand the bounding box beyond its geometric limits.

CAD - Computer-Aided Design

Clone -a replication of an object; in Inkscape, a clone retains certain (or all) characteristics of its master, and these characteristics will update according to changes of the master's same characteristic.

CMS - Color Management (or Managed) System

CMYK -Cyan Magenta Yellow Black - a color space used in professional print workflows which allows very accurate color matching.

Color management -a method of matching colors throughout a workflow so the that final products retain the same color charactaristics as the original (or else match the intended color charactaristics).

Color palette - a visual list of color values intended for easy selection and application of common colors to objects in a drawing.  Inkscape uses the GIMP palette format, which stores color values in RGB form in addition to user-friendly color names.

Color space - a set of defined absolute color characteristics with a corresponding abstract referencing system used to match media output to real colors.

Color swatch - a predefined color value in the color palette.

CSS - Cascading Style Sheets - a W3C language used to describe the manner of presentation given to elements in an XML document.  With CSS document content can be maintained separately from its styling so that styling can easily be changed and adapted without disturbing content.

CUR - Microsoft Windows format for cursor and icons.

Cusp Node - a node which joins two segments at an angle.

Cyan - a blue-green color.

Default template - the template that is used for new documents unless another template is specified.

DIA - Dia (software) editors diagrams

DXF (Drawing eXchange File) - a 2D and 3D graphics file format developed by Autodesk for the AutoCAD system. Now supported by virtually all PC based CAD systems DXF is the standard format used for technical drawings in the engineering and construction industries.

EMF -

EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) - a subset of the PS file format used for transferring graphic images between different software. EPS files contain PostScript code as well as an optional preview image in TIFF, WMF, PICT or EPSI formats.

EPSI (Encapsulated PostScript Interchange) -is a raster image format used as a preview image for EPS files.  Containing only 7-bit ASCII data it has been used in areas not supporting TIFF, WMF or PICT formats.

File Format - is a way to encode information for computer storage, software is used to decode file formats.

Fill - the visual content of an object within its borders.

Flash - a rich multimedia platform developed by Adobe that is most commonly used in web applications.  Flash makes use of vector and bitmap graphics as well as video and audio.

GGR - GIMP gradient file format

GIF - Graphics Interchange Format - a graphic format useful for simple animations and transparency.  Each image is limited to 256 colors from the 24-bit color space, and so is not suitable for photographs or images with gradient type color changes.

GIMP -GNU Image Manipulation Program (www.gimp.org)  - a powerful open source bitmap image editor.

GPL -

Gradient - a smooth color change between two or more points in an image, such as the color changes in a rainbow.

Group -

Handle - a marker for an element of an object which helps the artist adjust charactaristics of the element.

Hexadecimal Color - an RGB color definition most commonly used for web purposes.  A "hex" color is defined by three alpha-numeric pairs (either digits from 0 to 9 or alpha characters from A to F, 0 being the "lowest" and F being the "highest").  The first pair represents red, the second green, the third blue.  In Inkscape, there is an additional pair appended which represents opacity of the specified color.

HSL -Hue, Saturation, Lightness - a model for representing color points within the RGB color space

Hue - the charactaristic of a color to which we ascribe the name of that color.  It can be thought of as the variation between colors on a rainbow or a continuous color wheel, not regarding lightness or intensity.  For example, dark red and light red are both "red" in hue.

ICO - Microsoft Windows format for cursor and icons.

Inkscape (www.inkscape.org) - a powerful open source vector editor which uses the SVG specification as its native file format.

Javascript - a script language used largely for client-side web applications.

JPG (or JPEG) - a raster image format utilising a lossy compression method, which is mostly used for photographic type images.  The compression can achieve significant file size reduction with a minimum loss of quality making JPEG images popular for use on the internet.  The compression ratio can be set at a trade-off of file size for image quality.

Lightness - a charactaristic of color that describes how "bright" a color is in human terms.

Linear gradient - a gradient that extends from one point to another in a line so that, along a line at any point perpendicular to the axis of color gradation, the color is the same as far as the gradient fills an object in that dimension.

Live Path Effect -

Live Shape - an SVG primitive shape

LPE - "live path effect"

Outline - the visual border of a shape or object.

OUTLINE - Text outline format 

Macromedia - 

Magenta -

Node - a point on a path that serves as a connector between two path segments or as the end points of an open path.  Nodes also control the curvature of the path segments on either side - the user can adjust these curves by dragging the node handles.

Node Handles - handles that appear for a selected node which allow the user to control the curvature of the path segments connected to that node.

ODG - OpenOffice.org Draw (software), Inkscape is not fully compatible

Open Source -

outline -

Parameter - 

Parent - a clone's original to which it is linked, such that most types of modification to the parent will also affect the clone.

Path - a set of straight or curved line segments which are joined by nodes.  In vector art, these are the most basic elements of a drawing and serve as the "outlines" for all vector shapes.

PCX - Old raster image format used mainly in the '80 and '90s.  JPEG and PNG are now recommended instead.

PDF - short form for Portable Document Format. An exchange format developed by Adobe, PDF documents can contain any mixture of text, fonts, images and vector graphics. PDF files are able be viewed across many software, operating system and hardware platforms while still retaining the same formats, layout and properties that were intended by the document's creator.

PICT -

PNG - Portable Network Graphics is a Raster image format recommended by W3C and is expected to eventually replace the GIF image format. It utilizes a lossless data compresstion and includes alpha support for image transparency.  

PNM, PGM, PBM PPM - Raster image formats in either Portable Anymap, Portable greymap, Portable bitmap, or Portable Pixmap.

POV - Pov ray file format for scripted 3D rendering.

PS (PostScript) - is a page description language developed by Adobe in the early '80s.  As the first software/hardware independent format to incorporate text, raster images and vector drawings it quickly became the comercial printers main language.  Now starting to show it's age PS is being replaced by PDF.

Radial gradient - 

RAS - Raster image format used by Sun Microsystems computers, typically created on a Unix workstation; supports 1, 8, 24, and 32 bits per pixel; can be uncompressed or compressed using RLE compression; recognized by most image viewing programs.

Raster Image - see Bitmap above.

RGB - is a color space consisting of Red, Green, and Blue used mostly for computer and digital display.

Saturation -

Skew(ing) - 

Snap(ping) -

Stroke -

SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics - a W3C language used to describe vector graphics primarily for web use, but also suitable for other uses such as printing.

SVG Primitive -  a basic shape description used by the SVG spec in SVG files.  Primitives allow for very specific powerful transformations of objects that would not be possible in arbitrary paths (such as rounding of box corners or simultaneous point lengths of stars).  However, the nodes of an SVG primitive are constrained to certain specifications.  Because of this, arbitrary editing of paths by node, sculpting, etc., are not possible until the primitive is converted into an arbitrary path, after which point it is no longer a primitive shape.  Note that once a primitive is converted to an arbitrary path, this conversion is irreversible.

Targa (tga) - High level Raster image format frequently used in 3D-design for textures or alpha support. 

Template  - a file used as a standard for creating new files; Inkscape copies all of the properties of the template file to the newly created document.

TEX - LateX file format

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) - a flexible Raster image format developed for the professional printing process. Tiff files are very flexible supporting many colour classes including alpha channels.  Several forms of compression are able to be used in tiff files, however their larger size makes them unsuitable for online use.

Vector - (image, editor)

Vector Image -

W3C - World Wide Web Consortium (www.w3.org)  - the primary organization which develops and maintains web standards at an international level.

WBMP - Wireless Bitmap format aimed for 2-bits (BW) encoding especially for early mobile applications.

WMF -

WYSIWYG -"What you see is what you get" - a visual model of editing which aims to show the user how the final media output will appear if the document is outputted in its current state.

XCF - EXperimental Computing Facility. Is the native file format used by the GNU Image Manipulation Program or GIMP, which saves the layers, current selection, channels, transparency, paths, and guides.

XAML - EXtensible Application Markup Language. Developed by Microsoft to define the Windows Vista Graphical Interface.

XML -

XPM, XBM - Raster image format used on X11 server for icons.

Z-Order - the order in which objects are "stacked" from a birds'-eye perspective, such as when one looks at a stack of papers from above.

ZIP -